Memory and cultural history of the Spanish Civil War: realms of oblivion (2024)

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Memory and Cultural History of the Spanish Civil War

Introduction

2013 •

Aurora Morcillo

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“Corpus Delicti. Social Imaginaries of Gendered Violence”, MORCILLO, Aurora G. (ed.), Memory and Cultural History of the Spanish Civil War. Amsterdam: Brill Academic, 2014; pp. 359-400

Sofía Rodríguez López

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The contribution of contemporary cultural representations of Republican women in the Spanish Civil War and dictatorship to the recuperation of historical memory

Cliona Hensey

This research project examines the recent ‘memory boom’ in Spain regarding the Civil War and Franco’s dictatorship, focusing specifically on the contribution of selected contemporary literary and cinematic works, which contain representations of women’s participation in the Republican resistance movement, to the recuperation of historical memory. My research engages with theories and concepts from the field of memory studies in my analyses of the selected texts and attempts to determine the role played by their respective representational strategies in the process of confronting and bringing Spain’s recent past to light.

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Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences

Inés y la Alegría: Women in the Resistance against Franco

2013 •

Ana Pociello Samperiz

Documentación de las Ciencias de la Información

Radio Pirenaica: The Oral Historical Memory of the Grimau Case

Alfonso G A De la Quintana

El caso Grimau consistió en la detención, condena y fusilamiento de uno de los líderes comunistas más importantes de la lucha contra el franquismo infiltrado en 1962 en la España de Franco, y su correspondiente proceso judicial repleto de irregularidades gravísimas incluido un supuesto intento de suicidio. Esta noticia no hubiera tenido un impacto internacional sino hubiera sido por Radio España Independiente (REI), conocida por la opinión pública como La Pirenaica, una emisora clandestina subvencionada por la Unión Soviética. La metodología utilizada ha sido utilizar los Archivos Históricos del Partido Comunista de España, sección de guiones de Radio España Independiente, desde el siete de noviembre de 1962, día en el que Julián Grimau fue detenido, hasta el 20 de abril de 1963, cuando fue ejecutado. Un total de 164 días de emisiones consultadas. Las conclusiones más importantes son: Destacar que, a pesar de las graves irregularidades del proceso judicial y el fuerte impacto de su ...

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Another Front Line: Francoist and Anti-Francoists in Argentina, 1936-1939

Raanan Rein

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Sofía Rodríguez Ló pez Independent scholar

Enrique González Duro

Pro-Franco or, if the reader prefers, Nationalist women, were supposed to be the antithesis of the only women who, it has been assumed, were really active in the war: Republican women. Pro-Franco women are assumed to have supported both established social and gender traditions, having collaborated in the war effort without transgressing these roles. This article argues that historians have underestimated pro-Franco women's participation in anti-Republican underground activities, in part because they have tended to make a false distinction between a 'real' Fifth Column, where men were clearly predominant, and 'merely' supportive roles, where women were crucial and often in the majority. On the contrary, this article argues that Nationalist women played a key, active role in intelligence activities in the Fifth Column, in acts of resistance against the Republic and also when posted abroad conducting espionage activities, or working in information gathering behind Francoist lines.

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"Blue Angels: Female fascist resisters, Spies and Intelligence Officials in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939", Journal of Contemporary History, 2016

Sofía Rodríguez López, Antonio Cazorla-Sanchez

Pro-Franco or, if the reader prefers, Nationalist women, were supposed to be the antithesis of the only women who, it has been assumed, were really active in the war: Republican women. Pro-Franco women are assumed to have supported both established social and gender traditions, having collaborated in the war effort without transgressing these roles. This article argues that historians have underestimated pro-Franco women's participation in anti-Republican underground activities, in part because they have tended to make a false distinction between a 'real' Fifth Column, where men were clearly predominant, and 'merely' supportive roles, where women were crucial and often in the majority. On the contrary, this article argues that Nationalist women played a key, active role in intelligence activities in the Fifth Column, in acts of resistance against the Republic and also when posted abroad conducting espionage activities, or working in information gathering behind Francoist lines.

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THE LEFT IN SPAIN, 1956-1975

Abdon Mateos, Javier Muñoz Soro, Emanuele Treglia

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Memory and cultural history of the Spanish Civil War: realms of oblivion (2024)

FAQs

What was the historical significance of the Spanish Civil War? ›

For many liberals and leftists throughout the world, the Spanish Civil War represented a dress rehearsal for World War II, a pending conflict between the forces of democracy and fascism. By the mid-1930s, fascism and authoritarianism seemed to be on the rise in Europe.

How many people died under Franco? ›

His dictatorship's use of forced labour, concentration camps and executions led to between 30,000 and 50,000 deaths. Combined with wartime killings, this brings the death toll of the White Terror to between 100,000 and 200,000.

What is the pact of forgetting in the Spanish Civil War? ›

The Pact of Forgetting (Spanish: Pacto del Olvido) is the political decision by both leftist and rightist parties of Spain to avoid confronting directly the legacy of Francoism after the death of Francisco Franco in 1975.

Why were priests killed in the Spanish Civil War? ›

Amidst the disorder caused by the military coup of July 1936, many supporters of the Republican government pointed their weapons against individuals they considered local reactionaries, including priests and nuns.

What is a brief history of the Spanish Civil War? ›

Spanish Civil War, (1936–39), military revolt against the Republican government of Spain, supported by conservative elements within the country. When an initial military coup failed to win control of the entire country, a bloody civil war ensued, fought with great ferocity on both sides.

Who were the bad guys in the Spanish Civil War? ›

The Nationalists and the Republican government fought for control of the country. The Nationalist forces received munitions, soldiers, and air support from Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany and Portugal, while the Republican side received support from the Soviet Union and Mexico.

Why didn't Spain join WWII? ›

Much of the reason for Spanish reluctance to join the war was due to Spain's reliance on imports from the United States. Spain also was still recovering from its civil war, and Franco knew his armed forces would not be able to defend the Canary Islands and Spanish Morocco from a British attack.

How did Spain get rid of Franco? ›

Franco was to be succeeded by Luis Carrero Blanco as Prime Minister with the intention of continuing the Francoist regime, but those hopes ended with his 1973 assassination by the Basque separatist group ETA. With the death of Franco on 20 November 1975, Juan Carlos became the King of Spain.

What was the white terror in the Spanish Civil War? ›

In the history of Spain, the White Terror (Spanish: Terror Blanco; also known as the Francoist Repression, la Represión franquista) describes the political repression, including executions and rapes, which were carried out by the Nationalist faction during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), as well as during the ...

What was the name of the town destroyed in the Spanish Civil War? ›

On Monday 26 April 1937, the Basque town of Guernica was bombed by German and Italian air forces at the request of the Spanish Nationalists under the command of General Francisco Franco during the Spanish Civil War.

What precipitated the Spanish Civil War? ›

Labor unrest was widespread in the early 1930s, and the election of February 16, 1936, brought to power a leftist Popular Front government. Fascist and extreme-right forces responded in July 1936 with an army mutiny and coup attempt that expanded into a civil war.

What were the 2 opposing sides of the Spanish Civil War? ›

Republicans, supported by the Soviet Union, supported the democratically elected government of Spain, while the Nationalists, supported by Nazi Germany, supported the military junta that overthrew it. The Nationalists won.

Were Protestants killed in the Spanish Inquisition? ›

It is estimated that a dozen Protestant Spaniards were burned alive in the later part of the sixteenth century.

What was a red in the Spanish Civil War? ›

The name Republicans (republicanos) was mainly used by its members and supporters, while its opponents used the term Rojos (Reds) to refer to this faction due to its left-leaning ideology, including far-left communist and anarchist groups, and the support it received from the Soviet Union.

Who burned churches in the Spanish Civil War? ›

Far from being the result of spontaneous violence, anti-clericalism was a historically rooted part of the Spanish Left. Republican partisans desecrated, burned, and looted churches and shrines all across Spain.

What was the significance of the Spanish war? ›

The Spanish-American War of 1898 ended Spain's colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere and secured the position of the United States as a Pacific power.

What was the significance of the Spanish-American War quizlet? ›

(1898) War fought between the US and Spain in Cuba and the Philippines. It lasted less than 3 months and resulted in Cuba's "independence" as well as the US annexing Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

What is the legacy of the Spanish Civil War? ›

From the moment the battle lines were drawn the Spanish Civil War galvanized the intellectual imagination of a vast array of international cultural creators including writers, film makers, visual artists and musicians.

What was the Spanish Civil War turning point? ›

In the two-month battle, both factions together took 110,000 casualties. With his superiority in men and material, the Nationalist leader Francisco Franco regained Teruel. This battle became the military turning point of the war.

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